What do K-Ratings in transformers indicate?

K-Ratings in transformers are specifically designed to indicate a transformer's ability to handle harmonic distortion. Harmonic distortion typically arises in circuits with non-linear loads, such as computers and fluorescent lighting, which can create distortions in the electrical current waveform.

A transformer's K-Rating quantifies its capacity to manage the heat produced by this additional harmonic current without experiencing degradation in performance. For example, a K-rated transformer can be selected to accommodate specific levels of harmonics, denoted by its K-factor (such as K-1, K-4, K-13, etc.), which reflects its capacity to handle these harmonics without overheating. This means the transformer is designed with factors such as additional winding capabilities and thermal management features that allow it to operate efficiently in situations where harmonic distortions are present, thereby protecting the integrity of the electrical distribution system and ensuring reliable performance.

In this context, the other options misinterpret the purpose of K-Ratings. The cooling efficiency of a transformer relates to its thermal management capabilities, not specifically to how it responds to harmonics. Weight load capacity concerns the physical load a transformer can handle under normal conditions, rather than how it manages electrical signal distortions. Voltage regulation pertains to the transformer's ability to maintain